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索引

abolitionist movement, slavery debate Adams,Abigail,3,17,163,164,206

Adams's correspondence with,123-4,166,170,171,174-5,176-7,178,181,184,185,192,193

as Adams's presidential adviser,188,190

Adams's relationship with,174,185

Alien and Sedition Acts,190,191

bipartisan effort regarding Adams presidency,179,183

death of,243

federal governments transition to permanent location,205

on Gerry,188

on Hamilton,194

Jefferson and,177,178,207-10,211,230

peace delegations to France,180,183,189,192-3,194

presidential election of 1796,175,176-7

presidential election of 1800,203,208-10 Adams,Henry,40,44,195

Adams,John,3,14,17,59,67,79,101,109,123

Abigail Adams and, Adorns,Abigail

Alien and Sedition Acts,190-1,193,201

American Revolution,account of,215-18,242-3,247-8

background,164

candor of,18

death of,225,248

Declaration of Independence,composition of,212-13,216,242

dreams,reports on,214-15

“enlightened perversity” style,195 erratic habits,214,218

executive leadership,approach to,188,190,194-5

Federalists,alienation from,193

Franklin and,165,217,218

on frustration of governing,8

Great Britain,attitude toward,239

Hamilton and,22,37,41,193-4,203,206-7,214,218

historical explanation,realistic approach to,215-20

historical vindication,desire for,213-14,224

inauguration of,184

Independence Day comments(1826),247-8

Jays Treaty,157,138,175

Jefferson-Madison campaign against,195-201,228-30

judicial appointments,208

Madison's attitude toward,196-7

memoir projects,213-14

“monarchist” label,167-9 nepotism charge against,189

Adams,John('

New Army,193-4,202

peace delegations to France,180,185-6,188-90,191-5,197,202

political foes,attitude toward,179-80

presidency of,185-201,204-5

presidential election of 1796,163,175-8

presidential election of 1800,202-3,205

presidential form of address,167-8

on retirement by politicians,123-4

retirement from public life,206

revolutionary career,164-5

Rush's correspondence with,214-22

slavery debate,112-13,240-1

vice presidency of,166-7

Washington and,124,125,175,217

Adams-Jefferson correspondence;Adams-Jefferson relationship

Adams,John Quincy,47,54,156,169,170,171,187,194,195,223

diplomatic appointment,189

slavery debate,278 60

Adams,Samuel,163,165,180

Adams,Thomas Boylston,194

Adams-Jefferson correspondence,169,170

Adams's motives,223-4

on aging and death,226,243-4

as argument between competing versions of the revolutionary legacy,227-42

beginning of retirement correspondence,220-3

delivery of letters,277 33

elegiac tone,224,242-5

on French Revolution,237-9

friendship recovered through,224-5,230,244

as historical record,223,244

Jefferson's apology,238

on presidential election of 1796,178

on slavery,239-42

on social equality and the role of elites,231,233-7

verbal prowess,225-7

Adams-Jefferson relationship,17

Adams's criticisms of Jefferson,171,187,212

Adams's jealousy of Jefferson's revolutionary reputation,212-13

Adams's satirical account of,220

Adams's sense of betrayal,207

bipartisan effort regarding Adams presidency,178-85

bonding during revolutionary period,163-4,180

breakdown of,169-71,188

Jefferson-Madison collaboration,comparison with,171-2

Jefferson's defamation of Adams,198,211,228

Jefferson's failed attempt at reconciliation,207-10

odd-couple status,163

reconciliation under Rush's influence,218,220-2

silence following Jefferson's election,205,211

Adams-Jefferson correspondence Addison,Joseph,139 African Americans, blacks

Alien and Sedition Acts,190-1,193,199-200,201,229,273 50

American Colonization Society,107

,121

American nationhood,origins of,10

American Philosophical Society,170

American Revolution,134

Adams's nonmythologized account of,215-18,242-3,247-8

alternate possible outcomes,5

factionalism of revolutionaries,15

improbability of,5-6

as improvisational affair,5,216

inevitability of,3-4,5

Jefferson's vision of,246-7

most decisive moment,242-3

participants' historical perspective,4-5

slavery debate and,89

Washington's realist approach to command,131-3,135

Ames,Fisher,59,72,116,118,123,180

André,Maj. John,132

Antifederalists,9,59

aristocracy,231,233-7

Arnold,Benedict,27,38,126,132

Articles of Confederation,7,8,52,138

assumption of state debts by the federal government,48

consolidation issue,58,59,63-4

Hamilton's answer to objections,62

Hamilton's proposal,57

Jefferson's views on,51,68-9

long-term effects,80

Madison's views on,57-60,62,64

philosophical foundations,62-5

recalculation of Virginia's debt,73

secession issue and,77,80

Virginians'objections,58-9,65,76-7

Compromise of 1790

Augustus,Caesar,16

(newspaper),126,146,160,190,198

Bache,Benjamin Franklin,126,146,160,191,198

Baldwin,Abraham,85-6

Ballard,Martha,12

Bayard,James,26

Beckley,John,173

Benezet,Anthony,110

Berlin,Isaiah,134

Bill of Rights,53

blacks Washington's attitude toward,158

slavery debate

Boone,Daniel,120

Braddock,Gen. Edward,120

Browere,John Henri,245

Burke,Aedanus,84

Burr,Aaron,17,18-19,53,175

physical appearance,21,22

political career,40-1,43-4

presidential election of 1796,173,176,178

presidential election of 1800,41,42,43,203,205

as threat to American nation,44,45-6

western adventure,38-9

Burr—Hamilton duel

Burr,Theodosia,36

Burr-Hamilton duel,18-19,20-1,60

anti-dueling crusade following,39

Burrs challenge to Hamilton,35-6

Burrs disgrace,27,38-9

Burr's intentions,30-1

Burr's surprise and regret at outcome,2,5-6,30-1 contradictory accounts,27,30,31

core meaning,40,45-7

eyewitness,statement about,27-9

feud immediately preceding the duel,31-8

firing of weapons,25,26,27-31,253 16

Hamilton's alleged suicidal intentions,37

Hamilton's derogatory comments about Burr,32,41-3,44,45

Hamilton's final hours,26

Hamilton's thoughts about,22-3,25,,37-8

Hamilton's wound,25

legendary status,39-40 location of,23

long-standing conflict between Burr and Hamilton,40-6

motives of participants,38

public's perception of,26-7 rules of,23,24

scholarly consensus on,253 16

serious or mortal injury,unlikelihood of,24

weapons for,24

Butler,Pierce,92

Caesar,Julius,6

Calhoun,John C.,94,241

Callender,James,198,201,208-9

Canada,132 Carroll,Charles,246

Catiline,42-3

(Addison),139

census of 1790,102-4

centralized political power,Americans' suspicion of,7-8,9

Church,John,24

Cicero,6,42,123

Cincinnatus,123

Civil War,12,16,101,241

Clay,Henry,156

Clinton,George,40

Cobbett,William,190,217

Coles,Edward,221

Compromise of 1790

congressional approval,50

Compromise of 1790(

dinner-table bargain,48-50,51,73

direct link between two issues,257 41

Jefferson-Madison collaboration and,80

Jefferson's views on,50-1,73-4

preliminary negotiations,72-3

slavery debate and,116

survival of American nation and,50-2,78

Confederation Congress,93

Congress,U.S., House of Representatives;Senate

consolidation assumption issue and,58,59,63-4

slavery debate and,108

Constitution,13

criticisms of,9

ratification of,52-3

slavery debate and,82,83,84,85-6,87,91-6,112,116-18

Washington's retirement and,122

Constitutional Convention,52,121,130,132,165,212,213

compromises to produce consensus,9-10

extralegal nature,8

minutes of secret deliberations,137

“miraculous” quality,8-9

slavery debate,85-6,91-4,110-11

Continental Army,11,121,130-1,165

Continental Congress,67,89,101,165

Cooper,Charles,32

,121

Coxe,Tench,72

Declaration of Independence,11,67,68,122,127-8,139,143,163,165,247

composition of,212-13,216,2.42

slavery debate and,86,88-9

(Adams),165,218,234

Destutt de Tracy,Antoine,238

(Adams),168,169,170,218

Douglas,Stephen,241

Duer,William,65,256 27

early republic, revolutionary era and the early republic

economic philosophy,60-5

Edwards,Jonathan,21,109

Embargo Act of 1807,212

England, Great Britain

Eppes,Maria Jefferson,207

Fairfax,Fernando,105,106

Fauchet,Joseph,147

,17,52,54,55,61,164 Federalists,149,162

Adams's alienation from,193

downfall of,202-4

ideological warfare,186-7

interpretation of revolutionary era and the early republic,14

Jefferson-Madison campaign against,195-201,228-30

Jefferson's conspiracy theory regarding,139-41,147

political elitism and,237

presidential election of 1796,173

secession conspiracy,44

fiscal policy, assumption of state debts by the federal government;funding of the domestic debt

“Founding Fathers” myth,12

France,165,219

invasion of Canada during American Revolution,proposed,132

Monroe's assurances to,146

peace delegations to,180,183,184,185-6,188-90,191-5,197,202,229

“quasi-war” with United States,156,185,192,202,205

XYZ Affair,189-90,196

French

Franklin,Benjamin,13,17,53,101,163,164

Adams and,165,217,218

memorial service for,119

slavery debate,83,109,110-13

stature of,108-10

timing,sense of,109

Washington and,120-1

French and Indian War,120,134

French Revolution,142-3,170,175,202,219

Adams-Jefferson argument about,237-9

funding of the domestic debt,55-7,61-2,64

Gallatin,Albert,191

“General Wolfe's Song,”36

George Ⅲ of Great Britain,68,130,163,175

Gerry,Elbridge,5,86-7,180

peace delegations to France,188—9,197

Gettysburg Address,10,122

Great Britain(England),156,219

Adams's attitude toward,239

Jays Treaty agreement,136-7

Jefferson's condemnation of,143

Hamilton,Alexander,13,14,17,52,132,155,163,164,187,198

Adams and,22,37,41,193-4,203,206-7,214,218

Alien and Sedition Acts,191

assumption issue,57,62-5,77;

Compromise of 1790,48-50,72,73

background,22

death and funeral,26

economic philosophy,60-5

funding of the domestic debt,55-6,61-2,64

Jays Treaty,137,150

Jefferson and,37,41

Jefferson's conspiracy theory and,140,141

libel case,45,254 42

Madison and,54

New Army,21,193-4

personal qualities,22,60

physical appearance,21

political downfall,203

presidential election of 1796,177-8

presidential election of 1800,41,42

secession conspiracy of New England Federalists,44

slavery debate,113

treasonable activities,199

trusting nature,64-5

Washington's Farewell Address,123,148,149,150-4,157

Burr-Hamilton duel

Hamilton,Elizabeth,26

Hamilton,Philip,24

Hannibal,131

Harrison,Benjamin,5

Hartford Convention of 1815,44

Hemings,Sally,201-2,209

Henry,Patrick,52-3,76,163

historical explanation,13-14

Adams-Jefferson argument,227-42

Adams's realistic approach,215-20

(Warren),13,213

Holmes,Oliver Wendell,46

Hosack,David,21,23,25,,28,29,31

House of Representatives assumption issue,50,57

Franklins memorial service,119

funding of the domestic debt,56

Jay's Treaty,138

Missouri Compromise,240

presidential election of 1800,42,43

residency issue,50,69-71,72 slavery debate,81-8,96-101,112-13,116-18

treaty-making powers,138

Hume,David,61

“ideology,” 238-9

imperialism,12

Indians, Native Americans isolationism,129

Jackson,Andrew,156

Jackson,James,81,82,84-5,97-100,111,116

Jay,John,52,77,136' 137,152-3

Jay's Treaty,136-9,141,143,144,145-6,149,150,156,167,175,186,267 35

Jefferson,Thomas,3,4,11,14,16,17,57,58,60,70,71,101,123,127,128,155,165

Abigail Adams and,177,178,207-10,211,230

Alien and Sedition Acts,199-200

American Revolution,vision of,246-7

assumption issue,51,68—9;Compromise of 1790,48-51,72,73-4

conspiracy theory regarding Federalist takeover of government,139-41,147

Jefferson,Thomas,() death of,225,248

debt problem,170-1

Declaration of Independence,composition of,212-13,242

detachment from American developments while in Paris,65-7

dichotomous world view,231

dishonorable behavior,accusations of,208-11

economic philosophy,65

European affairs,misunderstanding of,219

Federalists' attitude toward,149

First Inaugural Address,128

foreign policy,142-3,202

Franklin and,109,110

global revolution,belief in,141-3

Great Britain,condemnation of,143

Hamilton and,37,41

Hemings affair,201-2,209

Independence Day letter(1826),245-7

Jay's Treaty,138,139,143,145-6

party leadership role,183

peace delegations to France,184

personal and political ideals,68

on political parties,186,210,230-1

politics,distaste for,67-8

presidency after Washington,perspective on,181-2

presidency of,212

presidential election of 1796,163,173-4,177,178,181

presidential election of 1800,41,42,43,203,205,208-11

presidential form of address,168

press criticism of,190

reclusive period in mid-1790s,172-3

residency issue,74-6;Compromise of 1790,48-51,72,73-4

reticent nature,67

retirement in 1793,171,218-19

romanticized versions of history,beneficiary of,212-13,219-20

secession issue,200-1

self-deception,capacity for,197-8,210-11,219-20

slavery debate,90,95,99,100,105,106,113,158

“sovereignty of each generation” idea,54-5

treasonable action,defense of,145-6

treasonable activities,198-9

on treaty-making powers,138

vice presidency of,184

vision for American nation,139-42

on Washington's physical decline,125

Washington's relationship with,138-9,140-1,143-5,2-69 71

Whiskey Rebellion,140-1,145

Adams-Jefferson correspondence;Adams-Jefferson relationship;Jefferson-Madison collaboration

Jefferson-Madison collaboration,164,188

Adams-Jefferson relationship,comparison with,171-2 bipartisan effort regarding Adams presidency and,182-3

character of,54,171-2

Compromise of 1790 and,80

constitutional questions and,66,200-1

correspondence,172-3

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions,199-201

partisan campaign against Adams presidency,195-201,228-30

presidential election of 1796,173-4,178

Republican triumph over Federalists,202-4

Virginian perspective,172

Johnson,Samuel,226

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions,199-201

Lafayette,Marquis de,89,245

Laurance,John,86

Laurens,Henry,132

(Adams),223

Lee,Henry,58,64,68,76

Lee,Robert E.,131

Lewis and Clark expedition,71

libel law,45,254 42

Liberia,107

(Marshall),14

Lincoln,Abraham,10,16,156,241

Louisiana Purchase,74,212,241

Madison,James,8,17,66,68,155,163,164

Adams,attitude toward,196-7

Alien and Sedition Acts,200

assumption issue,57-60,62,64;Compromise of 1790,48,49-50,72,73

constitutional government,efforts on behalf of,52-3

economic philosophy,65

Federalist orientation prior to 1790,54-5

Federalists' attitude toward,149

Franklins memorial service,119

funding of the domestic debt,55-7,61

Hamilton and,54

Jay's Treaty,137,138

peace delegations to France,180,183,184

personal qualities,53

political skills,53-4,113

Republican conversion,55

residency issue,70-1,72,74,75-6;Compromise of 1790,48,49-50,72,73

Sectional Compromise,94

slavery debate,82-3,87,91,94,95,113-18,119,158

on treaty-making powers,137-8

Washington's Farewell Address,123,148-9

Jefferson-Madison collaboration Marshall,John,14,53,155,191

Supreme Court appointment,208

Martin,Luther,92,94-5

Mason,George,68,95,96

Massachusetts Constitution,165

Mather,Cotton,109

Mazzei,Phillip,141,145

Mecklenburg Declaration,242

Mifflin,Warner,97-8

Missouri Compromise,239-40,241

monarchical principle,168-9,204

Monroe,James,50,51,123,174,198

extreme Republican mentality,146

Monroe Doctrine,136

Moore,Benjamin,26

Morris,Gouverneur,26,92

Napoleon I of France,131,135,185,202,237,238

national capital,permanent residence for, residency issue national university,proposal for,153-4

Native Americans,12,100,133,226

Washington's policy toward,158-9

natural rights,10

navy,185,193,227

Necker,Jacques,61

neutrality policy,134-6

New Army,21,193-4,199,202

New York Manumission Society,113

Northwest Ordinance of 1787,93-4

(Jefferson),90,99,100,105,158

nullification issue,93,199-200

Page,John,87

Paine,Tom,3,5,126,139,169,207

Peale,Charles Willson,18

Pemberton,John,116

Pendleton,Nathaniel,21,23,24,26,27-9,31,34,35

Pennsylvania Abolition Society,83,110

Pennsylvania Avenue,75

,254 42

Pickering,Timothy,44,192

Pinckney,Charles Cotesworth,92,95

Pinckney,Thomas,177-8

Pinckney's Treaty,267 35

political parties,15,162,186-7,204,210,230-1

Federalists;Republicans

,190,192,193

Postlethwayt,Malachai,61

,71

Potomac mythology,70-2

presidential election of 1796

Adams's candidacy,175-7

electoral vote,177-8,181

Jefferson's candidacy,173-4,181

Jefferson's congratulatory letter to Adams,178

prospective candidates,163

qualifications for presidency,162

uncertainty about,162,177

presidential election of 1800,41,42,43,202-3,205

Jefferson's “dishonorable”behavior,208-11

presidential form of address,167-8

press,the,187

Priestley,Joseph,228

Proclamation of Neutrality(1793),135

property rights,91

(Callender),198

Quakers,81,97,110,117

Randolph,Edmund,60,66,96,146-7

Randolph,John,35

Randolph,Thomas Jefferson,245

recovery of public debt, assumption of state debts by the federal government;funding of the domestic debt

(Hamilton),54,55,60-1,62,63

republican paradigm,6

Republicans,162

Alien and Sedition Acts and,190-1

ideological warfare,186-7

interpretation of revolutionary era and the early republic,13-14

Jefferson's leadership role,183

partisan campaign against Adams presidency,195-201,228-30

political elitism and,237

presidential election of 1796,173

rise to political domination,202-4

Washington,rejection of,160-1

residency issue congressional debate,69-71,72

diffusions victory over consolidation,79-80

as executive concern following congressional passage,74-6

federal government's transition to permanent location,205 Philadelphia's status as likely permanent capital,74,76

Potomac site,case for,70-2

Virginia-writ-large myth and,78-9

Washington's site selection,75

Compromise of 1790

revolutionary era and the early republic American nationhood,origins of,10 assets of the new nation,10-11

common themes regarding revolutionary generation,17-18

constitutional settlement,importance of,8-10

dissolution of American nation,potential for,8

historical perspective for understanding,6-8

ideological debate over,13-15,145-6

institutionalization of ongoing national debate,15-16

liabilities of the new nation,11 as most crucial period in American history,11-12

nonviolent conflict within revolutionary generation,39-40

paradox of,7-8

political cacophony of,16 political leaders' central role,12-13

American Revolution Reynolds,Maria,198

(Paine),139,169

Roman Republic,6

Roosevelt,Franklin Delano,122

Rumbold,Col. Richard,246-7

Rush,Benjamin,4-5,114,124,167,168,180,183,188,213,237

Adams-Jefferson reconciliation,218,220-2

Adams's correspondence with,214-22

funding of the domestic debt,56

Rutledge,John,92-3

Schuyler,Philip,40

Scott,Thomas,84,86

Scott,William,112-13

seal for the United States,101

secession assumption issue and,77,80

Federalist conspiracy,44

Jefferson's advocacy of,200-1

slavery debate and,93,97,105,115

Sectional Compromise,94,95,98,111

Sedgwick,Theodore,191-2

Senate,69,137

oratory in,174

president pro tem position,166-7

slavery debate,113

Shays's Rebellion,141

Short,William,36-7,66

Sidi Mehemet Ibrahim,111-12

slavery debate,8,11,12,17-18,248

abolition in northern states,89-90

abolitionist position,91-2

in Adams-Jefferson correspondence,239-42

J.Q.Adams's leadership of abolitionist movement,278 60

American Revolution and,89

Compromise of 1790 and,116 congressional debate,83-8,96-101,112-13;rejection of right to end slavery,115-18

consolidation issue,108

constitutionality issue,82,83,84,85-6,87,91-6,112,116-18

Declaration of Independence and,86,88-9

demographic dimension,102-4

expansion of slavery into the West,87,90,91,92,93-4

Franklins involvement in abolitionist movement,83,109,110-13

gradual emancipation plans,103,103-8,262 39 historical perspective on,88

“inevitable extinction” viewpoint,89,90-1,94,103-4

insurrections,fears about,87

intractability of slavery problem,91,98,105

Islam's enslavement of Christians and,111-12

Jefferson's views,90,99,106

Madison's views,113-15

national leadership's attitude toward,113

“original intentions”issue,88-97

owner compensation plans,86-7,89,92,106-7,262 38,39 petitions for abolition presented to Congress,81-3,118

proslavery argument,85,92-3,97-102,261 34

racial dimension,99-101,102-3,261 35

relocation of freed slaves,100,106,107-8

secession issue,93,97,105,115

Sectional Compromise,94,95,98,111

silence about slavery,84,87,93,102,115,157-8,239,241-2

in state legislatures,84,94-6

total emancipation,southern concerns about,82

viability of a national emancipation policy in 1790,105-8,118-19,262 36

Virginia's paradoxical position,95-6,103

Washington's Farewell Address and,157-8

Smith,Abigail Adams,37

Smith,Adam,61

Smith,John,71

Smith,Venture,12

Smith,William Loughton,81-2,85,97,100-1,112,116,118

social equality and the role of elites,231,233-7

“Statement on the Impending Duel”(Hamilton),37-8

Stuart,Gilbert,18

Supreme Court,116,208

Talleyrand,Charles,189,194,196,197

Taylor,John,236

“Thesis on Discretion”(Hamilton),37

(Adams),165

Tolstoy,Leo,216

treaty-making powers,137-8

Treaty of Mortefontaine(1800),205

Treaty of Paris(1783),136

Trumbull,John,18,36

Tucker,St. George,105,106,262 39

Tudor,William,240

Twenty-second Amendment,122

Van Ness,William,21,23,24,25,27-9,33,34,35

vice presidency,166-7

Virgil,123

Virginia-writ-large myth,78-9,161 Voltaire,109,139

(Tolstoy),216

War of 1812,135,227

Warren,Mercy Otis,13,180,213-14

Washington,D.C.,75-6,79,161

residency issue

Washington,George,11,14,17,43,51,53,60,70,71,89,163,164,165,184,197

Adams and,124,125,175,217

“Address to the Cherokee Nation,”158-9

American Revolution military command,130-3,135

blacks,attitude toward,158

childlessness of,169

Circular Letter of 1783,133-4

courage under fire,120

decision-making process,150

enlarged federal power,program for,156-7,269 64 final message to Congress,156-7,269 64 final years at Mount Vernon,160-1

Franklin and,120-1

illness of 1790,66,124-5

Jay's Treaty,136-9,144,149

Jefferson's relationship with,138-9,140-1,143-5,269 71

last will and testament,158

monarchical tendencies,127,139

mythology surrounding,120-1

Native American policy,158-9

neutrality policy,134-6

physical appearance,124

realist outlook in political and military matters,131-3

Republican opposition,160-1

residency issue,69,75-6

slavery debate,113,118,263 47

surrendering power,flair for,129-30

vice presidency,views on,167

vision for American nation,7,133-4

Whiskey Rebellion,140-1,145

Washington's Farewell Address;Washington's retirement

Washington's Farewell Address,123 authentic meaning,means for understanding,129

composition of,148-53

foreign policy message,128-9,131-6,148,150

historical commentary on,129

as justification for strong executive leadership,155

misnaming of,122

national unity message,128,130—1,148-9,154-6

national university proposal,omission of,153-4

as prophecy accompanied by advice,155 publication of,121

reactions to,159-60

slavery,silence about,157-8

target audience,157

transcendental status,122

Washington's intentions,128,147-8

Washington's retirement age and health reasons,124-5

as confirmation of republican government,127-8

consitutional significance,122

departure from office,160

“disposable president” principle and,125

first indications of,123

press attacks and,125-7

tradition of retirement and,123-4

voluntary nature,149-50

Washington's Farewell Address

Webster,Daniel,118

Whiskey Rebellion,140-1,145,147,167,186

Whitehead,Alfred North,16

Wilson,James,94

Wythe,George,67

XYZ Affair,189-90,196

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